The article reveals the issue of moral and ethical education of youth, which found a reflection in the pedagogical heritage of the founders of medical and pharmaceutical education in Slobozhanshchina in the second half of 19th - early 20th century. The author uses general theoretical, comparative, historical retrospective, biographical research methods, as well as the historical actualisation. The article proves that medical scholars and naturalists advocated the idea of the need to develop moral consciousness, moral feelings and beliefs, and to develop habits of moral behaviour of the younger generation and workers of the health care industry. The ideas of the Slobozhanshchina scholars are useful nowadays. They can be used by the health researchers for highlighting the moral traits of the personality in the context of an educational ideal as well as legal regulation of professional and ethical sphere of physicians and pharmacists. These ideas are important for engaging students in charitable activities. Further research is required in the field of Kharkiv University scientific society's activities in finding the ways of formation of future professionals' moral personality.